Germanium recovery_ The use of metallic germanium and its proportion in various fields

The proportion of metal germanium in the industry sector:

Germanium is a key semiconductor material and has wide and key applications in semiconductor, aerospace measurement and control, nuclear physics observation, Fiber-optic communication, infrared optics, solar cells, chemical catalysts, biomedicine and other fields. According to the United States Geological Survey data, the proportion of global germanium end users is as follows: 30% for Fiber-optic communication; Infrared optics 20%; 20% germanium catalyst; Electronic industry 15% and others (fluorescent powder, metallurgy, and chemotherapy) 15%.

The use of metallic germanium in various fields:

Infrared optics field

Germanium, as an infrared optical material, has the advantages of high infrared refractive index, wide infrared spectral range, small absorption coefficient, low dispersion index, easy processing, flash and corrosion, and is especially suitable for use as a material for Thermographic camera and infrared radars in military and key civilian applications, as well as windows, lenses, prisms and filters of other infrared optical devices; High purity germanium or lithium germanium used for astronomy γ－ Spectrometer, Nuclear reaction energy spectrometer and plasma physics X-ray instrument; Si Ge10 and germanium single crystals doped with mercury, cadmium, copper, and gallium are used as infrared observers.

Fiber optic communication field

Germanium doped optical fiber has such excellent characteristics as large capacity, small light loss, low dispersion, long transmission distance and environmental hindrance. It is the only optical fiber that can be used in engineering applications at present, and is the main body of Optical communication network. In addition, GeCl4 is also used as expressway optical fiber network, link, optical fiber sensor, optical fiber guidance and optical fiber ED500 device, which has developed rapidly in recent years.

Catalyst field

Germanium dioxide (GeO2) is a catalyst for the production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET). It has long fibers, and various containers for beverages and edible liquids made from it are pollution-free, transparent and airtight.

Electronic industry field

Germanium semiconductor devices are used as diodes, crystal triodes and inorganic transistors, as photoelectric, Hall and Electrostatic induction effect sensors, as Photoconductivity radiation detectors, etc., and are widely used in color televisions, computers, telephones and high-frequency equipment. Germanium tubes are especially suitable for high-frequency high-power devices, and operate steadily under strong electromagnetic radiation and -40 ℃; Ge Si and Ge Te are used for thermoelectric power generation as starting power sources for aerospace, satellites, and space stations.

The application of germanium in semiconductor devices has been mostly replaced by silicon. Only a certain amount of germanium is used in high-frequency high-power devices, and the other uses of photoelectric Avalanche diode are large.

The GaAs/Ge solar cells made with germanium as the substrate have the same performance as GaAs/GaAs cells, higher mechanical strength, and a single cell area of Phrase. In the environment of space application, the threshold of electromagnetic radiation resistance is higher than that of silicon cells, and the performance recovery is small. The cost of its application field is identical to that of silicon panels with power, and vice versa. It has been used in American made Military satellite and some commercial satellites, and has gradually become the main space power supply.

Other fields

Germanium is used in medicine, such as Ge-132 [ β－ Carboxyethyl germanium Sesquioxide - (GeCH2CH2COOH) 2O3] is used in the clinical application field to prevent cancer. BGO is used for X-rays, CT scans, and PCT scans to diagnose tumors, bone structures, and non-governmental inflammations. Germanium compounds and organic compounds can be used as toothpastes and high-efficiency anti-inflammatory creams. Germanium is also applied in other fields such as metallurgy and fluorescent powder.

The above is the complete answer to the question of the use and proportion of metal germanium in Dingfeng Precious Metal Recycling in various fields.